{"id":9840,"date":"2020-09-24T08:07:39","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T08:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/?p=9840"},"modified":"2023-10-31T17:04:06","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T17:04:06","slug":"intelligent-process-automation-of-things-ipaot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/iot\/intelligent-process-automation-of-things-ipaot\/","title":{"rendered":"Intelligent Process Automation of Things (IPAoT)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9840\" class=\"elementor elementor-9840\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fad6780 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fad6780\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10df8c0e\" data-id=\"10df8c0e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64015224 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64015224\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the most compelling aspects of the IoT revolution is the\u00a0<em>reference architecture\u00a0<\/em>that depicts end-to-end component interactions and dataflow for robust business value. \u00a0There are several alternative reference architectures for IoT. \u00a0Most are IoT platform-specific. IoT solutions need to generate returns and in almost all cases real business value involves people. Interestingly it also involves\u00a0<em>processes.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13e01e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13e01e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To set the stage for IPAoT, as a reminder especially of the role\u00a0<em>processes\u00a0<\/em>in IoT, remember how Cisco described the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/dam\/global\/en_my\/assets\/ciscoinnovate\/pdfs\/IoE.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Internet of Everything<\/em><\/a>with a holistic view:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul>\n<li><em>Things<\/em>: Connected devices, each with a unique addressable URL over the Internet.<\/li>\n<li><em>People<\/em>: Participants in end-to-end processes or dynamic cases, in partnership with Things.<\/li>\n<li><em>Process<\/em>: At the most basic level, coordination of multiple activities or tasks for a business objective. The participants in processes will include people, Things, enterprise applications, and business partners.<\/li>\n<li><em>Data<\/em>: Generated by Things at an even greater rate than people or applications, IoT data needs to be analyzed and responded to, often in real-time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-503907b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"503907b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The processes with IoT orchestrate people, connected devices, enterprise applications and data \u2013 end-to-end. In\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rtinsights.com\/process-master-data-digital-transformation-part-ii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a previous article<\/a>\u00a0on Process, Data, Digital Transformation we expanded upon the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/road-iot-success-runs-through-dpa-setrag-khoshafian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Road to IoT Success through Digital Process Automation<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 that has evolved from Business Process Management (BPM).\u00a0<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b140e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b140e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">IoT Reference Architectures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87110c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87110c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Many components and technologies are used to support IoT\/IIoT use cases end-to-end: from the Edges to the Enterprise &#8211; involving People, Processes, Analytics (from Thing Data) and of course Connected Devices. Functions such as Edge Communications and Security are essential components for IoT. There are multiple tiers from the edge networks, through the cloud, to the enterprise and people using IoT applications typically via mobile devices. IoT Reference Models or Architectures illustrate the layering and interaction of the various components that comprises an end-to-end IoT platform or framework. Some are IoT platform specific. The following illustrates the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/AmazonWebServices\/managing-connected-devices-at-scale-with-aws-iot-device-management-ft-hudl-iot207r1-aws-reinvent-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">IoT Reference Architecture of AWS IoT<\/a>\u00a0which, in addition to Azure IoT and others, is an IoT Platform industry leader (there are more than\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/iot-analytics.com\/iot-platform-companies-landscape-2020\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">600 IoT platforms and increasing<\/a>!). The AWS IoT capabilities are realized through the AWS IoT Data Services, Control Services, and Device Software. See IoT Services\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/iot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b61972 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b61972\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do you have a feeling that deep learning on graphs is a bunch of heuristics that work sometimes and nobody has a clue why? In this post, I discuss the graph isomorphism problem, the Weisfeiler-Lehman heuristic for graph isomorphism testing, and how it can be used to analyse the expressive power of graph neural networks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e5c530e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e5c530e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f61fc4\" data-id=\"5f61fc4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1deb2a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1deb2a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>IoT is about the connectivity of increasingly intelligent devices through sensors and actuators. The foundation for connectivity, balancing range, and power supply considerations is, of course, critical. There are several components in the overall stack and multi-tier architectures of IoT. The lowest levels include\u00a0physical\u00a0devices and systems. It is precisely this\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/iot.ieee.org\/newsletter\/may-2016\/internet-of-things-and-beyond-cyber-physical-systems.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">cyber-physical<\/a>\/connectivity that is laying the foundation of the IoT era. Other layers include edge computing \u2013 see the following\u00a0on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/intelligent-iot-edge-computing-4c65353fdca9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Intelligent IoT Edge Computing<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; \u00a0as well as the data accumulation and analysis layers. But the often-elusive ROI (aka business value) of IoT is achieved at the top layer \u2013 the \u201caction\u201d part that we mentioned earlier \u2013 involving process orchestration of People, Connected Devices (aka IoT\/IIoT), trading Partners, and Enterprise Applications (aka Systems of Record).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09b2fdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09b2fdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To illustrate the importance of process automation \u2013 and especially\u00a0<em>intelligent\u00a0<\/em>processes \u2013 consider the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iotworldtoday.com\/2020\/06\/08\/as-telehealth-spikes-leading-organizations-shore-up-health-care-infrastructure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recent spike in Telehealth<\/a>\u00a0due to Covid-19. What is telehealth in the Covid-19 era? IoT \u2013 with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/digital-transformation-of-healthcare-iomt-connectivity-ai-and-value-streams-62edc0f2be1a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">connected medical devices<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 plays a significant role: \u201cThe Internet of Things (IoT) has extended traditional videoconference visits to enable practitioners to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iotworldtoday.com\/2020\/03\/03\/democratization-of-patient-health-data-empowers-despite-data-quality-issues\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">remotely monitor patients<\/a>\u2019 blood pressure, oxygenation levels, pulse, and other key metrics.\u201d More importantly, it is not just about sensing. It needs coordination and cooperation \u2013 not just technology or virtual visits. In other words, the evolving telehealth needs processes. As quoted in the article by one of the experts\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/pfleischut\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr. Peter Fleischut<\/a>, \u201cIt\u2019s about people, process and technology \u2026 It\u2019s probably 80% people, 15% process and 5% technology.\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a6134f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a6134f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Insights to Process Action<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c46e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54c46e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Not surprisingly Artificial Intelligence has emerged as an increasingly important enabler of connected Things: from Natural Language Processing in smart speakers to predictive maintenance of connected devices to AI applied in a plethora of advanced deep learning applications. A perfect storm of technological advances in computing, databases, and networking has caused the emergence of AI as one of the most significant digital transformation trends. Another trend of course is IoT. But the \u201cIntelligence\u201d in AI (and HI \u2013 as in Human Intelligence), needs a context \u2013 the collaboration and processes. It is about people, process, connectivity technology,\u00a0<em>and<\/em>\u00a0Intelligence \u2013 still, &#8220;people and process&#8221; being the most important.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f7a5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66f7a5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For connectivity technology, IoT is generating enormous amounts of data. We are inundated with information from connected devices \u2013 both in consumer and industrial contexts \u2013 and it does not appear to be letting up any time soon. Connected devices are becoming increasingly significant sources of information: Big Data will is becoming \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.informationweek.com\/mobile\/mobile-devices\/rise-of-things-iots-role-in-business-processes\/a\/d-id\/1317010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Thing Data<\/a>.\u201d Over time, the Thing data will be stored, analyzed, and mined for models that reflect\u00a0<em>insights \u2013<\/em>\u00a0that can then be acted upon, such as analytics model that can predict a device will fail before it happens.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The following illustrates the continuous improvement loop from Insight to Action. At the bottom, you have the raw data emanating from connected IoT\/IIoT devices. The raw data could also include customer transaction data, trading partner data, and even Blockchain transactions. The data is organized and analyzed leveraging a plethora of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rtinsights.com\/process-data-its-about-time\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">SQL and NoSQL intelligent databases<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 the latter especially for the management of Thing Data.\u00a0Then various patterns are detected through data mining, predictive analytics, and machine learning techniques. The AI models are insights that can then be operationalized in end-to-end Process Automation solutions. More specifically, the\u00a0<em>Action<\/em>\u00a0leverages the\u00a0<em>Intelligence\u00a0<\/em>harvested from the data or from human experts and then executes them in through\u00a0<em>Automated Processes<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7731e94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7731e94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">IPAoT ROI<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91fecb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"91fecb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Return on Investment (ROI) of IPAoT emanates from the ROI of Process Automation\u00a0<em>and\u00a0<\/em>IoT. Process Automation addresses process collaboration and orchestration involving enterprise\u00a0<em>applications, people,\u00a0<\/em>and the\u00a0<em>connected device (IoT)\u00a0<\/em>silos. As noted above in the IoT World Forum reference architecture, the top and most important level business value pertains to business process and collaboration.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dc6f53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7dc6f53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Process ROI<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fadf0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9fadf0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The ROI of Process Automation emanates from three complementary and interdependent areas:<\/p>\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul>\n<li><em>Process efficiency in planning and deploying innovations:<\/em>\u00a0The Low Code\/No Code model-driven platform of IA enables this efficiency for rapid innovation. The continuous innovation and deployment involve\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rtinsights.com\/four-intelligent-automation-methodologies-one-objective\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">four Digital Transformation methodologies<\/a>: Design Thinking, Agile, DevOps, and Operational Excellence.<\/li>\n<li><em>Process efficiency in automated execution:<\/em>\u00a0The spectrum of automation summarized above \u2013 from robotics to AI-assisted to knowledge worker participation \u2013 is critical for resolving manual handoffs and silos. The completion and resolution of end-to-end value streams can be optimized\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bV7pm1jMHp8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">from days to hours<\/a>\u00a0due to process automation.<\/li>\n<li><em>Process efficiency in process monitoring and improvement<\/em>: Out of the box business activity monitoring dashboards, reports, and automated alerts\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/documents.bpm.com\/digitaltransformation\/DigitalTransformationDigitalEdition.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dynamically monitor<\/a>\u00a0if work is processed on time, contractual SLAs are being met, and if processes are running optimally. These are actionable monitoring reports \u2013 where managers, for instance, can re-assign tasks from under-performers to others. Alternatively, automated business logic (aka business rules) can act in real-time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9009a6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9009a6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">IoT ROI<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e271cd8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e271cd8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8592aa\" data-id=\"a8592aa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902d310 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"902d310\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>IoT also has many opportunities for ROI. The connectivity of devices has an impact both on next-generation digital transformation applications that leverage IoT\/IIoT connectivity as well as the maintenance of the connected devices (e.g. connected vehicles). Here are some of the areas especially in Industry 4.0 \u2013 both in Smart Manufacturing as well as after-market services:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul>\n<li><em>Subject (aka Purpose) Monitoring and Responding<\/em>: Connected devices in many application domains have a subject or specific purpose: monitoring to optimize\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/iot-digital-transformation-in-insurance-209cac56f496\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">insurance of Smart Homes<\/a>, wellness tracking,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/digital-transformation-of-healthcare-iomt-connectivity-ai-and-value-streams-62edc0f2be1a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">health monitoring<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masstlc.org\/iot-digital-transformation-in-the-public-sector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Smart City<\/a>\u00a0transportation,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/your-connected-vehicle-is-your-largest-wearable-523e7e99dc8e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">connected car<\/a>\u00a0applications in numerous Car-to-X (Car, Infrastructure, OEM) \u2013 to name a few.<\/li>\n<li><em>Asset Monitoring and Responding<\/em>:\u00a0\u00a0Another compelling ROI opportunities of connected assets (devices, cars, etc.) is the ability to monitor the status or condition\u00a0(vibration, temperature, pressure, readings, etc.) of the connected asset (e.g. a connected vehicle or a Smart Manufacturing robot) and then take action. Here the ROI is from the event-action. Notice the action will involve a process orchestrating people and Things. Sometimes, there are multiple sources of sensing that can be correlated and acted upon. For instance, elevated levels of Carbon Monoxide from multiple sensors in a plant or a field.<\/li>\n<li><em>Data Monetization<\/em>: Connectivity and aggregation of data pertaining to customers, connected devices, plants, cities and other provide huge opportunities for data monetization. As we noted above, Big Data is becoming Thing Data. There are many challenges in the ownership of the Data and its monetization. Many\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theiotmagazine.com\/iot-digital-transformation-in-insurance-209cac56f496\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Insurance companies<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 especially in automotive &#8211;\u00a0are effectively leveraging data to adjust Insurance cost depending on how you drive, where you drive, who drives, etc. Even the speed of connected vehicles and their maintenance could be monitored.<\/li>\n<li><em>Predictive and Prescriptive Maintenance<\/em>:\u00a0Traditional maintenance tends to be reactive: responding to failures in equipment or devices after the fact. The next maintenance optimization option is preventive maintenance. This empowers operators to carry out continuous maintenance \u2013 often based on the recommendations of the manufacturers. Beyond preventive and leveraging analytics, predictive maintenance discovers potential options for the future maintenance of the asset. With AI analytics it is possible to determine\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/company\/newsletters\/articles\/three-ways-to-estimate-remaining-useful-life-for-predictive-maintenance.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">the remaining useful life<\/a>\u00a0of a device and take pro-active predictive action before it breaks. There are many sources of data for predictive maintenance. Automatic discovery and then deployment of AI predictive models can yield substantial cost reduction benefits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77d2d01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77d2d01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9018890 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9018890\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>IPAoT is the next phase in the evolution of IoT! Connectivity of devices in our homes, offices, and industries is ubiquitous. Connectivity is exploding. Several technologies such as 5G, Cloud, Blockchain, and AI are critical catalysts in the pervasiveness of robust and pragmatic solutions with IoT. But the glue that ties it together and connects IoT devices to people, enterprises, and trading partners is Process Automation \u2013 especially through digitizing and automating the process that involves People, Enterprise Applications, and IoT devices.\u00a0The top and most important level in any meaningful enterprise architecture with IoT is business process automation and collaboration.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IoT is about the connectivity of increasingly intelligent devices through sensors and actuators. Intelligent Process Automation of Things (IPAoT) is the next phase in the evolution of IoT! Connectivity of devices in our homes, offices, and industries is ubiquitous.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":704,"featured_media":9841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[195],"tags":[658,287,659],"ppma_author":[3513],"class_list":["post-9840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iot","tag-intelligent-process-automation-of-things","tag-iot","tag-ipaot"],"authors":[{"term_id":3513,"user_id":704,"is_guest":0,"slug":"setrag-khoshafian","display_name":"Setrag Khoshafian","avatar_url":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/medium_e736bac2-8af5-4224-b28c-0a82c894c0c0-150x150.jpg","user_url":"http:\/\/www.khoshconsulting.com","last_name":"Khoshafian","first_name":"Setrag","job_title":"","description":"Dr. Setrag Khoshafian is Chief Evangelist and VP of BPM Technology at Pegasystems. He is one of the industry\u00b4s pioneers and recognized experts in Digital Enterprises, especially pragmatic Digital Transformation leveraging next-generation BPM: Digital Process Automation, Robotic Automation, AI, Internet of Things (IoT) and CRM.\u00a0A frequent business transformation and innovation speaker and presenter in international workshops and conferences, he is the author of more than 10 books and hundreds of business and academic articles in recognized journals."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/704"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9840"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33841,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9840\/revisions\/33841"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9840"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=9840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}