{"id":1108,"date":"2019-02-15T10:31:58","date_gmt":"2019-02-15T10:31:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kusuaks7\/?p=713"},"modified":"2023-07-28T13:54:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T13:54:11","slug":"bringing-hr-analytics-to-life-unleashing-the-power-of-your-organization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/bigdata-cloud\/bringing-hr-analytics-to-life-unleashing-the-power-of-your-organization\/","title":{"rendered":"Bringing HR Analytics to Life &#8211; Unleashing the Power of Your Organization"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A lot has been recently said and written about HR (or people) analytics, but it is still a nebulous concept to most. This article is a guide that will lead you through all the necessary steps to successfully introduce and execute HR analytics, making a fundamental impact on the culture of your organization. The intended audience includes executives as well as HR and analytics professionals.<\/p>\n<p>We introduce the key concepts behind people analytics, and how it can be made an indispensable tool in your organization. The key take-away is that HR analytics is not just an implementation of technical concepts: it requires an organizational commitment to defining a data-driven strategy and adopting a data-driven culture, and it is critically dependent on having the right leadership, facilitation skills, and resources in place.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Impact of HR Analytics on Organizational Culture<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Every organization has a distinct set of people challenges that it wants to address. People analytics means translating these challenges into a properly articulated set of objectives and\/or metrics that can then be\u00a0mapped into what the organization knows about its employees and what it would like to know.<\/p>\n<p>This exposes the need to have an HR executive (a Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO)) in the inner circle of top executive management (with the CEO and CFO) <em>(a\u00a0suggestion\u00a0highlighted in a <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2015\/07\/people-before-strategy-a-new-role-for-the-chro\" rel=\"noopener\">recent HBR article<\/a>)<\/em>, who understands both the organizational needs at their most strategic level and the employee data landscape. If you can articulate how the two connect, your organization is ready for people analytics and the HR function has likely\u00a0achieved the holy grail of strategic partnership.<\/p>\n<p>Putting HR analytics in place will not be an easy journey, as it requires getting leadership commitment; educating management on the power of analytics; learning about and evaluating tools, technologies, and techniques; making this capability fit seamlessly with your existing processes; identifying new HR roles and skills; and training your staff on applying and using it most effectively. In the absence of a one-size-fits-all solution, it also requires careful consideration of build vs. buy factors and a roadmap for rolling out analytics capabilities in stages.<\/p>\n<p>Another important consideration is cost versus benefit. Having an HR analytics capability is costly.\u00a0 It requires considerable people and monetary investment during all phases from conception to deployment, and this continues through ongoing training and operations. However, against this cost picture is a very compelling value proposition: consider, for example, the cost associated with a bad hire. Recruiting and training costs alone can add up to a very substantial amount. Add to that the opportunity cost associated with not having the right person in that role (e.g. sales), and the cost will easily reach\u00a0hundreds of thousands of dollars. A good HR analytics implementation will pay for itself many times over.<\/p>\n<p>This article will help you decide the best approach for driving cultural change in your organization through HR analytics, as well as identifying expectations of\u00a0the HR and organization development and of the analytics experts whom\u00a0you will consult.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>HR\u00a0Analytics Framework<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>We describe a framework that connects data inputs (i.e., what we know, or don\u2019t know but would ideally like to know) about the employee and his or her role in the organization to a set of outcomes or metrics that the organization is interested in.<\/p>\n<p>In the middle is a complex model that analyzes the input data and predicts outcomes and generates metrics.\u00a0 In essence, the model represents (predictive) analytics capabilities that can technically be implemented in a variety of ways, such as through the use of advanced statistics, data mining, and machine learning techniques.<\/p>\n<p>This picture shows the components of the HR analytics\u00a0framework and the roles of the various participants.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This article will not go too deep into the underlying techniques or mathematics, but is intended to show what is feasible, and, most importantly, highlight the fact that it is possible to educate and train executive management and HR professionals in the key concepts as well as on how to successfully apply them in their organization.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>A New Role in HR<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>As the practice of HR analytics evolves, so must the roles within HR. We argue for the creation of a new role within the HR function that combines HR and analytics skills, bridging the\u00a0current HR staff and the analytics staff.<\/p>\n<p>The right person for the role is\u00a0someone who is able to bring all the data (known\/unknown, accessible\/hidden) together in new ways and\u00a0translate the CHRO&#8217;s vision into action, thereby converting the\u00a0HR analytics environment into a\u00a0true catalyst for cultural change.\u00a0 The role also requires a strong partnership with HR and organization development professionals to understand the dynamics of the organization and the people behind the data\u00a0and its impact on the culture.<\/p>\n<p>We believe that this\u00a0role belongs in HR, even though some of responsibilities may belong on the operational side <em>(a point made by Josh Bersin in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/people-analytics-takes-off-ten-things-weve-learned-josh-bersin\" rel=\"noopener\">recent LinkedIn article<\/a>).<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Desired Outcomes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>What are some desired outcomes and how can they be measured, classified, and\/or predicted?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify indicators of future success in the organization at the time of hiring <em>(quality of hiring is the focus of a July 2015 article by John Sullivan)<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Be able to not only measure the effectiveness of your training programs, but to take proactive steps to increase it.<\/li>\n<li>Make promotion recommendations or make succession planning decisions based on solid data.<\/li>\n<li>Optimally assign employees to roles, groups, or tasks based on a deep understanding of your employees\u2019 abilities against your organization\u2019s needs.<\/li>\n<li>Continuously assess and tweak the organization\u2019s culture, thereby improving employee retention and engagement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ideally, this capability should be provided to the executives through dashboards, or even self-service.<\/p>\n<p>How exactly this all works\u00a0is certainly dependent on the organization, but it helps to start with an overall framework consisting of a data collection capability, a capability to specify a set of desired outcomes and metrics, and a (predictive) analytics capability, as an executable model that connects data to outcomes, in the middle.<\/p>\n<p>What data are we talking about?<\/p>\n<p>The data to do that is here today.\u00a0 Some data is specific to an employee, while other data applies to the organization as a whole.\u00a0 Most organizations just don\u2019t know (yet) what data is relevant to them, how to combine and correlate it, how to process and analyze it, and how to put it into action \u2013 that is,\u00a0moving from predictive to prescriptive analytics <em>(Gartner defines a useful categorization of analytics as descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of types of input data include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Surveys and interviews (e.g. engagement, satisfaction, exit, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Formal and informal employee comments; &#8220;buzz around the office&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>LMS \/ learning data (internal and external)<\/li>\n<li>Applicant tracking data \/ applications \/ resumes \/ keywords<\/li>\n<li>Salary data<\/li>\n<li>External data (e.g. salary surveys, company evaluations \/ ratings on 3rd party websites, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Recruiting data (e.g. number of openings, number of candidates, time required to fill opening, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Retention data<\/li>\n<li>Employee history within the organization (e.g. titles, previous assignments, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Performance reviews<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Analytics Engine<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Now that we understand what data can be used as inputs, let\u2019s focus on the analytics component of the framework. It executes a number of functions:<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Accessing the Data<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>First, it needs to address a variety of challenges that are inherent to\u00a0the data: it typically resides in disparate systems; it lacks consistency in\u00a0structure, meaning, and interpretation across the organization; it is hard to correlate to other data; it is often unstructured; it can be quantitative or qualitative; it may lack quality; some data is stored, some comes in streams, some data needs to be calculated on the fly; etc.\u00a0Moreover, oftentimes\u00a0data that would be very useful in assessing employees is entirely unknown (e.g. frame of mind, personal or economic situation, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>This exposes the following core requirements: 1. a common HR data model; 2. a data integration capability, 3. a data normalization capability, and 4. a data storage capability.\u00a0 We will\u00a0briefly elaborate on each.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>HR Analytics Data Model<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>To make sense of the various types of data and their relationships, the best way to proceed is to develop a data model specific to HR.\u00a0 It will allow all practitioners in the organization to be &#8220;on the same page&#8221;\u00a0when it comes to understanding the data. The model describes and provides a visual representation of the structure and meaning of data entities, their key attributes, and their relationships to other data entities.\u00a0 Generic models of HR data are available, but they typically need to be substantially extended to be useful to a particular organization.\u00a0 However, it is well worth the effort to do so.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Data Integration<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Given the considerable variety of relevant data, the technical capability needs to be in place to integrate the data from various sources into a coherent set of data that can then be analyzed and cross-referenced by the analytics engine.\u00a0 This is where the data model is key: it provides a visual understanding of the entire data landscape, including relationships that may not have been previously uncovered or considered.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Data Normalization<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The analytics engine will be most effective if it can operate against normalized data.\u00a0 A simple example is survey data: some surveys have a scale of 1-5, some 1-10, some L-M-H, etc.\u00a0 By applying normalization, all survey data can be treated uniformly.\u00a0 It will help if all surveys across an organization follow the same guidelines, something that can be achieved through executive commitment to the HR analytics effort.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Data Storage<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Data mining and predictive analysis\u00a0techniques will work best if the data is stored in one place, after being integrated and normalized.\u00a0 Various &#8220;big data&#8221;\u00a0storage approaches exist, and selecting one\u00a0will depend on the size and scope of the efforts in your particular organization.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Unleashing the Power of Data<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Now that all relevant data is integrated, normalized, and stored, we need a set of algorithms and machine learning techniques to unleash the innate predictive and analytic power of the input data.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Specifying Objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Before we begin, metrics and objectives, qualitative and quantitative, examples of which we gave above, need to be specified and related to the set of relevant input data types.\u00a0 An analytics expert will be able to capture these specifications in a formal notation, which can be automatically interpreted by the (predictive) analytics engine.\u00a0\u00a0In recent years, considerable effort has been spent on standardizing such a notation; an example is\u00a0the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Predictive_Model_Markup_Language\" rel=\"noopener\">Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Analyzing Data (Descriptive Analytics) &amp; Making Predictions (Predictive Analytics)<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Depending on the pairings of data types and measures or objectives, appropriate (predictive) analysis techniques are then applied (e.g. statistics, regression, correlation, classification, machine learning, etc.)\u00a0 All of these techniques share something in common:\u00a0they take a set of input data and calculate which combinations of inputs will satisfy a specific objective, match a certain metric, or result in a certain classification.<\/p>\n<p>Traditional algorithmic approaches that take inputs and produce outputs through a sequence of well-defined steps may work well to correlate some data to outcomes (e.g. when calculating a metric from an input set of data), but the solution to some of the hard problems we are trying to solve here may be far too complex for humans to capture as discrete steps, hence the need to apply much more sophisticated techniques\u00a0such as machine learning (e.g. when predicting retention rates from employee profiles).\u00a0 Selecting techniques\u00a0requires careful analysis of the data, the\u00a0objectives,\u00a0and the knowledge of a data analytics expert.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Operating the Engine to Drive Cultural Change<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Once the steps outlined above are taken \u2013\u00a0identifying relevant data sets, specifying\u00a0outcomes, and building the analytics engine \u2013\u00a0trained HR professionals should be able to operate it in a relatively hands-off manner (supported by trained IT staff, of course), focusing on the results and predictions that it provides and implementing appropriate actions.\u00a0 In addition, whatever is learned from operating the environment should be used to refine the model\u00a0and possibly employed\u00a0as inputs into the model itself.<\/p>\n<p>Merely operating the engine would fall short of the promise of HR analytics.\u00a0 We earlier pointed out the need for an HR analytics champion.\u00a0 In the absence of such a role, HR analytics may well turn out to be yet another &#8220;check the box&#8221;\u00a0effort.\u00a0 The HR analytics champion will constantly enrich the organization\u2019s understanding of its data through continuous conversation with HR and organization development peers.\u00a0 This ensures refinement of the desired outcomes and the exploration of more effective models. The HR analytics champion trains HR professionals in operating the analytics environment, provides thought leadership, and socializes and unleashes the power of analytics across the entire organization.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>So now what?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>We never said that it would be easy, but we\u2019re hoping that this article has clarified what HR analytics is, how it works, and how it can be useful to your organization.<\/p>\n<p>How it will work specifically for you\u00a0is something that requires the combined skills\u00a0of HR\/organization development experts and data experts, working hand in hand with your own experts.\u00a0 It also requires organizational readiness for the journey and the destination, and that your executives and staff be coached and trained on the most effective use of this new capability.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>_____________________________<\/p>\n<p>Copyright \u00a9 2015 Cultivate Consulting<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A detailed article on HR Analytics, explaining what it is, how it works, and how organizations can leverage&nbsp;it to improve their culture and effectiveness.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":4089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[153],"ppma_author":[2457],"class_list":["post-1108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bigdata-cloud","tag-hr-analytics"],"authors":[{"term_id":2457,"user_id":26,"is_guest":0,"slug":"philippe-de-smedt","display_name":"Philippe Smedt","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"Smedt","first_name":"Philippe","job_title":"","description":"Philippe is the Chief Data Strategist and Architect at Cultivate Consulting. He&nbsp;was Visa&#039;s Chief Data Architect for close to 10 years, responsible for its enterprise-wide data strategy. &nbsp;He is an expert on master data management (MDM), metadata and reference data management, data governance, data integration, and all things &#039;big data&#039;. &nbsp;He is also an expert on advanced and predictive data analytics and machine learning. &nbsp;He has a passion for HR analytics and for global financial inclusion. &nbsp;He is an accomplished author, a sought-after speaker, holds multiple patents (including in data mining), and holds graduate degrees from UC Berkeley and Stanford. &nbsp;"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1108"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29781,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108\/revisions\/29781"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1108"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.experfy.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}